Graduated full marks cum laude as a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) (University of Perugia, Italy). Ph.D. in "Health and Experimental Veterinary Sciences" (University of Perugia, Italy). Diplomate of the European College of Veterinary Pathologists (DECVP). Currently, he serves as a post-doctoral research fellow at the Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy. He supports the diagnostic activities of the university’s veterinary pathology service, and his research focuses on the systematic recording of diagnostic findings and causes of death in animals and the standardisation of pathology reporting practices. A central theme of his current research is the evaluation of diagnostic confidence and uncertainty in veterinary pathology, exploring the factors that influence the pathologist’s diagnostic confidence, the strategies to mitigate diagnostic uncertainty, and how to clearly communicate these elements within pathology reports. Additional current research interests include: Usutu virus (USUV) and West Nile virus (WNV) infection in wild birds, pathology of wild and exotic animals, and neuropathology.